What type of diet is associated with the Mediterranean dietary pattern?

The Mediterranean dietary pattern is characterized by a focus on whole, minimally processed foods that are rich in nutrients. This approach emphasizes a high intake of plant-based foods, including a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes. Additionally, it includes moderate consumption of fish and poultry, as well as healthy fats, particularly olive oil.

This dietary style has been associated with numerous health benefits, including a lower risk of heart disease and improved overall health outcomes. The emphasis on healthy fats, such as those found in fish and olive oil, supports cardiovascular health, while the abundance of fruits and vegetables provides essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. The Mediterranean diet is often seen as sustainable and balanced because it promotes a diverse array of foods that support both physical health and cultural traditions around food.

In contrast, other dietary patterns presented do not align with the Mediterranean approach. Diets high in processed foods and sugars detract from the healthful components of the Mediterranean diet. Exclusively plant-based diets may lack certain nutrients typically included in Mediterranean eating, and those focused mainly on meat and dairy diverge significantly from the principles of moderation and variety that define the Mediterranean lifestyle.