Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs?

The liver is the primary organ responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs in the body. It carries out this crucial function through a series of biochemical processes, particularly involving enzymes that modify toxic substances, making them easier for the body to eliminate. The liver converts fat-soluble substances into water-soluble ones, allowing them to be excreted via urine or bile.

Additionally, the liver plays a central role in processing nutrients absorbed from the digestive tract and regulating various metabolic pathways. This includes the breakdown of medications into active or inactive forms, which is crucial for pharmacology and patient care. Overall, its extensive blood supply and unique cellular structure enable it to efficiently perform these detoxification and metabolic functions.